Missed milestones can cost the licence. Lenders and buyers check the milestone schedule, the national filing and how rights can be moved.
Across the 3 regimes
ESA and EU
Spectrum is national: each state files with the ITU and licenses use. The EU Space Act proposal leaves spectrum outside its scope.
United States
FCC Part 25: GSO satellite in service within five years; NGSO half the constellation in six years and the rest in nine. A surety bond backs the milestones.
UK and France
UK: Ofcom licenses spectrum use and manages UK ITU filings. France: ANFR handles ITU filings.
The rest of this page sets out the 3 quoted provisions behind these cells, what is usually negotiated, and what lenders and buyers ask. It is free with a work email, along with the full tools, guides and register downloads.
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Related
- Guide: Spectrum as collateral
- Tool: Satellite finance clause library
- Checklist: Satellite licensing and transfer checklist
General information on public law and standard terms as at 28 Oct 2026, not legal advice on any contract or transaction. Quoted wording is checked against the official text linked to it.